The Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility Essay -- Social Responsi

The Concept of Corporate Social ResponsibilityWith the interest in Corporate Social Responsibility growing, increasing numbers of organisations argon incorporating CSR into their business operations in an effort to be seen acting as good corporate citizens, so what is CSR & what is its role in todays organizations? The term CSR refers to a troupe?s obligation to maximize its positive tinge on society, accommodating changing social, market & stakeholderpressures in an effort to achieve sustainable economic, social &environmental development throughout its operations andactivities. CSR puts expectations, continuous improvement &innovation at the heart of business strategies and the four dimensionsof social responsibility are generally considered to be economic,legal, ethical & philanthropic.Approaches to CSR are varied and due to the differences in priorities& values across the world, there is no one size fits all strategy.Where previously, the role of a socially responsible company wa ssimply to create good will in the community, organisations are nowrequired to take into account the full scope of their impact oncommunities & the environments in which they work, balancing the needsof stakeholders with the need to make a profit. Although there is noone size fits all strategy, well managed CSR programmes have widely distributedbenefitso Increase Profito Enhance business competitiveness& opportunitieso Maximise value of wealth creation to societyo crumb improve financial performance & access to capitalo Enhance brand image, raise profile & boost saleso Attract & halt quality workforce,o Improve decision-making on critical issueso Helps manage risks & reduce long-term costso Incre... ...ww.bnet.comwww.businessdecisionresources.comwww.busmmgt.ac.ukwww.ccbriefing.co.ukwww.cisweb.orgwww.corporatecitizenship.co.ukwww.dti.gov.ukwww.ethicalcorp.comwww.eurpoac-eu.comwww.eurpopeanenergyfocus.comwww.globalchange.comwww.managing4value.netwww.ncbe.co.ukwww.nottingham.ac.ukw ww.sustainability.comwww.knowthis.comwww.cim.co.ukwww.smallbusinessmarketingplans.co.ukwww.mintel.co.ukwww.wmrc.comBooksmerchandising Cooncepts & Strategies Dibb, Simkin, Pride & FeralKotler on Marketing Philip Kotler Marketing Strategy Sudharshan Mastering Marketing Financial TimesThe Essence of Services Marketing Adrian PayneValue Based Marketing DoyleMarketing Plans Malcom MacdonaldMarketing Principles and Practice Adcock, Bradfield, Halborg, RossPublications Marketing WeekRecruitment & Employment Confederation

Transition in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been Essay -- Where

Transition in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been Each of us experiences transitions in our lives. Some of these changes are small, like moving from one school semester to the next. early(a) times these changes are major, like the transition between youth and adulthood. In Joyce Carol Oates Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?, the author dramatizes a real flavor curse story to examine the decisive moment people face when at the crossroads between the illusions and innocence of youth and the uncertain future. Joyce Carol Oates message of life and transitions is best understood when the reader brings his or her interpretation to meet with the authors intention at a middle ground. This type of literary analysis is known as Reader Response. In Reader-Response, the emphasis is placed on the idea that various readers respond in various ways, and therefore the readers as well as authors create importation (Barnet, et. al. 1997). In this story of life passages and crucial events, it is imperative that the reader has a solid response to Oates efforts in order to fully comprehend the message. Literature is a combined meeting between the intentions of the author and the reaction of the reader. The author begins her message with the title of her work, which conveys the idea of passages of time in life. The phrase where are you going suggests a time in the future, and the phrase where have you been evokes the past. Oates message continues through the plot and characters. The basic elements of Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? are rooted in a trustworthy story of a 1965 crime. Occurring just a year before Oates 1966 story was published, the parallels between th... ...et al. New York Longman 1997. * * Reaske, Christopher R. and John Knott, Jr. Interview With Joyce Carol Oates. Mirrors An Introduction to Literature. second ed. Eds. John Knott, Jr. and Christopher Reaske. San Francisco Canfield Press 1975. * * Tierce, Mike and John Michael C rafton. Connies Tambourine Man A New Reading of Arnold Friend. Literature Thinking, Reading, and Writing Critically. 2nd ed. Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al. New York Longman 1997. * * Wegs, Joyce M. Dont You contend Who I Am? The Grotesque in Oates Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Critical Essays on Joyce Carol Oates. Ed. Linda W. Wagner. Boston G. K. Hall 1979. * * Winslow, Joan D. The Stranger Within Two Stories by Oates and Hawthorne. Ed. Thomas Votteler. Vol. 6 of Short Story Criticism. New York Gale Research 1990.

Drinking Reality Essay -- essays papers

Drinking Reality There is nothing in the world I bask more than c dispatchee, I thought. The aroma that calls you from a million miles away. The bitterness it sends through your soul, filling you up giving you the warmth that you so desperately crave. And the darkness the inkiness that reminds me all too much of my life. I didnt know what I was doing there, but somehow it made sense. I skipped my first phratry that day. My first class ever. I didnt know why. If I had to think about it, I never knew why I did anything. All my life, I was guided and told what to do by others. I never realized where I was going I walked a tight rope of others expectations thinking that if I ever took my eyes off what was ahead, I would fall. I never even looked out to see if there was another rope. Maybe one who did not have such high-pitched expectations. I just hoped that my parents and friends knew best, and that I was heading in the right direction. I sat at one of those coffee shops, where they pretend that the black stuff that they take you for three dollars a cup is really gourmet. I was sittin...

Characterization of The Duke of Ferrara in My Last Duchess by Robert Br

Characterization of The Duke of Ferrara in My Last Duchess by Robert BrowningThe Oxford English Dictionary defines the word officious during the 19th century as zealous to please attentive, obliging. In the dramatic monologue, My Last Duchess by Robert Browning, this word describes a servant that is volunteering his service unnecessarily to the Duke of Ferraras wife. Although the speaker, the Duke of Ferrara, is speaking of this servant in a negative manner, he wishes his wife to be officious towards him the Duke of Ferrara wishes to have total control. So, the Duke is both discouraging and discouraging officiousness, depending on whom it is directed. The Duke of Ferrara emphasizes his need for power and control everywhere his wife, and demonstrates obvious signs of being a control freak, whether it be purposefully or inadvertently, through the style of the dialogue, composition of the dialogue, and the treatment of the messenger that emphasizes the role of the listener. T he poem gains the readers interest from the very beginning with this line That is my last Duche...

The Role of Tacit Knowledge in Religion :: Theology Religion Philosphy Research

The Role of Tacit Knowledge in ReligionABSTRACT Clarity concerning what kind of knowledge a religious individual possesses is of the utmost importance. For one thing, J. Whittaker remarks that believers must have some knowledge that enables them to make the distinction between literal and non-literal descriptions of God. (1) In the believers perception God is a rock, but not really a rock. God however really is love. Whittaker suggests that making this distinction requires knowledge that cannot be metaphysical or experiential, but a more prefatory form which he terms practical knowledge. Without going into his discussion of the metaphysical and experiential view, I would like to elaborate on this notion of knowledge in terce steps. Firstly, I want to consider a short passage in Kants Critique of vestal Reason (A 132-3 / B 171-2) on judgment. This passage points out that we needfully know more than we can say or state. Secondly, Michael Polanyis account of tacit knowledge will be introduced to see what religious tacit knowledge could mean to be. Thirdly, analysis of a text from Meister Eckharts Reden der Unterweisung will aim to show the relevance of this notion of practical (or tacit) knowledge in religious contexts. 1. Kant on judgment in the Critique of Pure ReasonWith the expression practical knowledge no reduction of all forms of knowledge to the world of the tactile is intended. It does, however, commit us to the view that knowledge can never be purely notional. There is in the acquisition of knowledge an element which Gilbert Ryle has termed knowing how. Calculating can be a merely mental operation (as in mental arithmetic), but that doesnt take away the fact that one has to know how to calculate. It is in this sense of art that the word practical has to be understood.Western philosophy seems to be marked - from its early beginning - by a certain intellectualism. Intellectualism is the conviction that wants to install a strong distinction between kno wledge and abilities, between theory and practice. The conjectural knowledge-act is characterised as a purely mental event, as a kind of contemplation, while any form of practice or ability is seen as an practise of previously acquired theoretical knowledge. The distinction values theory over practice because, in this view, practice depends on theory and not the other way round.In his Critique of Pure Reason Kant dedicates a text to judgment entitled Of the transcendental faculty of judgment in general (Von der Transzendentalen Urteilskraft berhaupt A 132-3 / B 171-2).

Use of Cloning in the Future :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Use of Cloning in the FutureCloning is a popular discipline of discussion on college campuses. There is research carried on in cloning in almost every part of the globe. The future of cloning looks very beady as the scientists are constantly progressing by leaps and bounds. However, it is not quite sure whether the future of cloning will help mankind or be the provoke for its destruction. In The Unstoppable March of the Clones, John Gray talks about the future of cloning. He talks about the different ways in which peck and countries will use cloning. Fidel Castro has ordered Cuban biotechnologists to clone a new breed of cow. The ageing caudillo sees the cloning project, which attempts to replicate White Udder, a cow that became legendary for its milk output in the 1980s, as a solution to Cubas chronic shortage of dairy products ( Gray 27 ). The benefits to Castro of resurrecting the animal, which died 17 years ago, extend well up beyond its impact on the milk industr y. A successful cloning would be a coup for Cuban biotechnology, a pointed reminder to the US that it is not always in the vanguard of scientific development, and a boost to the prestige of a crumbling regime. The tangle of motives that has led Castro to become a cheerleader for biotechnology is a warning(a) tale for anyone who imagines that the industry can be made subject to effective international regulation. In launching a scientific experiment for reasons that are at least partly political, Cubas leader is doing what other countries have also done, and will surely do in the future. Such experiments are unlikely to be engrossed to non-human animals. Within the lifetimes of people who are alive today, it will become feasible to alter human nature. If we believe what we are told by scientists, biotechnology offers more than the see of removing genetic defects that contribute to common diseases. It opens up the possibility of redesigning human beings. The present gen eration will be able to shape the next in ways that have never before been possible. As scientific knowledge grows, it seems likely that not only the disease profiles, but also the personalities of future human beings will become alterable by human will. At that point, equipped with the new powers conferred by biotechnology, we will be what Lenin could only dream of becoming -- engineers of souls ( Gray 29 ).

Burning Up

ALWAYS, SOMETIMES, OR NEVER Chapter 9 Tell whether each story is always, sometimes, or never true. 1. The graph of a quadratic equality function is a straight line. 2. The range of a quadratic function is the set of all touchable numbers. 3. The highest power in a quadratic function is 2. 4. The graph of a quadratic function contains the point (0, 0). 5. The crest of a parabola occurs at the minimum care for of the function. 6. The graph of a quadratic function that has a minimum opens upward. 7. The graphs of f(x) = ax2 and gx= -ax2 have the same width. 8. The function fx= ax2+c has three zeros. 9.The graph of y= ax2+1 has its vertex at the origin. 10. The graph of y = -x2+c intersects the x-axis. 11. There are deuce solutions to x2=n when n is positive. 12. If n is a rational number, thusly the solution to x2=n are rational numbers. 13. If the graph of a quadratic function has its vertex at the origin, then the related quadratic equation has exactly one solution. 14. If the graph of a quadratic function opens upward, then the related quadratic equation has two solutions. 15. If the graph of a quadratic function has its vertex on the x-axis, then the related quadratic equation has exactly one solution. 6. If the graph of a quadratic function has its vertex in the first quadrant, then the related quadratic equation has two solutions. 17. A quadratic equation in the form ax2 c = 0, where a 0 has two solutions. 18. If a quadratic equation has two solutions, then it has two x-intercepts. 19. If the discriminant is equal to zero the quadratic equation has no real solutions. 20. If the leading coefficient of a quadratic equation is positive and the graph of the equation has a positive y-intercept, the graph has two real solutions.

How Do You Account for the Rise of the Born Global Essay

Since 1980s, along with the development of economic world(a)ization, there is a new form of enterprise internationalization in the global range which called innate(p) world-wide enterprises. This type of firm normally engages in signifi standt international activity and promptly starts penetration to the international market from its establishment. nevertheless more remarkably, those innate(p) Global firms get involved in international market and participate in international competition without any previous experience.The freshman purpose of this makeup get out focus upon the explanation of the reasons for the rise of born(p)(p) Global based on relevant theoretical studies and characteristics. The second section of this paper provides a selective example of Chinese born(p) Global firms which focus on explain and analyse the reasons for emergence of innate(p) Global phenomenon and assess the twine and benefits to the development of internationalization on Chinese small and m edium-sized enterprise( SMEs).An Explanation of Born Global Characteristics based on Typical Examples The Born Global firm is specify as a line of descent organization that, from inception, seeks to derive significant competitive advantages from the use of resources and the sale of outputs in multiple countries (Oviatt and McDougall, 1994, P. 49). While Knight and Cavusigil (1996) think Born Global refers to those small technology oriented business that engage in operating international markets since it has been in early stage of being established. in that locationfore, from the stated definitions above, we can get basic characteristics of Born Global.Furthermore, there is a variety of reliable samples for Born Global which reveal that the typical characteristics of Born Global. For instance, History and Heraldry is an England company that specializes in gifts for history buffs and those with English ancestry. History and Heraldry was selling in 60 countries, with exports generat ing about 70% of total production. The biggest markets the firm target in ar France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United States (Cavusgil and Knight, 2009). some new(prenominal) example, Cosmos Corporation Inc. s a young company in US that produces telescopes and various optical devices. Cosmos has begun selling its products in Japan and europium since it has been founded for a few years. Moreover, the firm had expanded its scales to 28 countries around the world soon after that (Knight and Cavusigil, 2009). Thus, from previous examples, we can see that companies conduct international business at or near their founding and have engaged in international business throughout history and gain competitive advantages by pursuance a wide range of resources located around the world.Furthermore, Born Global firms are characterized by limited financial and tangible resource. The Reasons for the Rise of Born Global Since the early 1980s, international business rapidly developed which is initially facilitated by the globalization of markets. Historically, the most internationalization business appeared in advanced-economy countries such as due north America and Europe, Japan. However firms today increasingly target emerging market, such as Brazil, mainland China, India, Mexico (Wall, Minocha and Rees, 2010).As there are substantial market opportunities even in developing countries, meanwhile companies seek growth via market diversification and gain economies of scale in production and marketing, basically most Born Global firms achieved sizable success in international business early in their development. In the last decades, internationalization was in the field of sizeable multinational enterprises (MNEs), however, globalization trends and advanced technology have facilitated the emergence of born global firms in recent years.The appearance of plenty of Born Globals helps to reshape the global economy these firms tend to be formed by entrepreneurs with a stron g international outlook and managers regard the world as their marketplace, normally emphasize international market skills. Integration and ripening interdependence of national economies have both facilitated. In addition, the national governments tend to sink trade and investment barriers also facilitated the internationalization of more firms. Therefore, the emergence of Born Global firms becomes an important trend.Secondly, the modern information technology is essentially making company internationalization cost-effective. The internet provides databases, references, and private system which rapidly increased the efficiency to internationalize and target numerous countries simultaneously (Zou and Cavusgil, 2002). Thirdly, enterprise founders have strong entrepreneurship this is an important reason for the rise of Born Global enterprises.As the enterprise will face more risks and uncertainty than the omestic market when it enters into international market, therefore, only those with strong entrepreneurship will take risks of internationalized operation and seek various resources to create competitive advantages, and reckon international strategy. Again, Enterprise management team with sufficient international management experience and knowledge lay the foundation for the rise of Born Global. Moreover, this would relatively reduce the risks and uncertainty for entering the international market which improve the success probability of international business.Meanwhile, those entrepreneurs are more confident for internationalization, therefore it is naturally for such enterprises ingest involved into international market after establishment. Finally, the diversification of products and markets create advantages for the formation of Born Global enterprises (Andersson and Wictor, 2003). Along with the development of economic globalization, the consumers demand trend to homogeneity in the world region which makes easier to sell the same products in different c ountries and regions.The Reasons for Emergence of Born Global Firms Taking China as an Example There is an example of Zhejiang Born Global firms which indicates the motives of Born Global enterprises. Yang (2007) thought that the entrepreneurship, organizational learning and the enterprises network are the initial causes. Zhao (2004) demonstrated the importance of the global economy, turning point market, technology improvement, and the implicit sensitivity. Comparing with the Born Global firms oriented high technology abroad, most Zhejiang Born Globals focus on the conventional industry because of their traditional inheritance.Basically, the motives of Zhejiang Born Global firms is attributed to the unique entrepreneurship, the network of business globally, the precise niche market, and technological development. Firstly, Zhejiang is famous for its private economy in its inception and booming stage, and the understructure is key factor of the Zhejiang entrepreneurship. Moreover, the core competency of Zhejiang is being good at seeking market opportunity and starving for change which create advantages for the formation of Born Global.Above all, the entrepreneurs are scattered in government administrative departments, private owned firms who are talents for Zhejiang economic development, so as lead the small and medium-sized born global enterprise. Secondly, the niche market is crucial for the Zhejiang born global enterprise (Robinson, 1986). As limited natural resource and size, it is difficult for Zhejiang small and medium-sized enterprises to compete with the large scale rivals.Therefore, they normally choose niche market at the early stage and concentrate on international market, then expand their market frontier, later on build the competitive barrier, and finally, achieve competitive advantage in global market by stages. Most importantly, these firms focus on the specific industry and retort on the persistence to obtain the profitable market graduall y. Thirdly, the previous international management background is very helpful for the Born Global enterprise.Once the firm gets involved into international markets and obtain much international experience, they start to employ top foreign talents to conduct research and development in order to stretch out the global market within expected period. On the other hand, Zhejiang government provided favorable policy to encourage and attract overseas to start their business in Zhejiang during the last decades, which ensure the firms booming in the international market rapidly. Finally, the Zhejiang Born Global enterprise is famous for its extensive enterprise network which refers to interpersonal alliance (Freeman, Edwards and Schroder, 2006).This kind of relationship network promotes their business. For instance, after contacting with Wenzhou businessman who has settled down abroad, Wenzhou lighter will march into international market and get the most shares in light industry soon, which makes the company dominate comparative advantages over the rivals. Furthermore, Zhejiang Born Global enterprises normally set up overseas industries zone led by powerful firms and attract other enterprises to settle down in order to avoid the marketing risk.However, the Zhejiang Born Global enterprise not only makes salutary use of current network, but also develop new network to make the global network perfect. Therefore, the more extensive network they have, the more resources they share. mop up With the further development of opening up and reform policy, more and more Born Global enterprises have been found in China and many other countries and regions. It is of practical significance to study the characteristics and the reasons for the emergence of Born Global phenomenon, which provide eference for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to march the international markets.Furthermore, along with economic globalization and marketing integration, the Born Global enterprises, emerging as a new kind of enterprise, have become popular and attractive recently. Based on the explanation and analysis of Born Global phenomenon above, the main forming reasons of the Born Global including entrepreneurship, niche market, international management experience, and extensive enterprise network. There are crucial factors for the rise of Born Global.China has joined the WTO, economic globalization, consumption personalized and the development of information communication technology which are indicating the business opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises internationalization. In addition, Chinese government officials and departments are beginning to make policies for supporting the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) internationalization in order to encourage the SMEs engaging in international competition and improving the international competitiveness.

Celebrities: Perfection and Individuals

ENC 1101 March 24, 2013 Celebrities dysfunctions and transgressions In this age of the scandalisation of public emotional state the media suffers from an overburden of films stars, sport personalities, that is, celebrities, caught in socially unacceptable situations. Celebrity and scandal atomic number 18 closely linked, where scandal often enhances the distinction quotient of the star (Nayard 2009 112).In other words, even negatives revealing and representation of their marriages (practically some film stars), their pedophilia (Roman Polanski), breaking the law (Lindsey Lohan, Paris Hilton, Charlie Sheen), argon all important part of the celebrity culture that fans and spectator so drive in to hear somewhat. The privilege of fame may act as a license to transgress meaning the can get away with a lot, resulting in greater tolerance for celebrity wrongdoing.However, paradoxically, it is also clear that, as an in? uential elite, celebrities are expected to conduct themselves wi th propriety, meaning that their behavior is closely scrutinized (Gieles). Most psyches love a scandal, barring the people caught in one, of course. The rest of fraternity most often absolutely cannot get enough. Fans are mostly filled in the soundly and the bad actions of a celebrity. In the others, at that place are spectators that are only interested in the scandals near the celebrities.Whether one admit it or not, few things work on a person feel bust about them quite as intensely as seeing the people that society places on the highest of pedestals get knocked attain of them in spectacular fashion. Celebrities dysfunctions and transgressions attract high audience interest not only from the celebrity fans , but other spectators. Celebrities scandals appeals to individuals. As a result, they show that celebrities larger-then-life figures are idolized by fans and envied by others, enhances that celebrities are ordinary individuals, and sparks curiosity and interest.First, audiences are highly interested in scandal. The fans are very interested in the stars life history and personal life either good or bad. Individuals, whom are not fans of a specific celebrity, are more wantly to pay attention to this celebrity when they are spotted on the headline of the tabloids for doing something wrong. Both fans and other individuals pay close attention to those scandals which give these scandals a larger audience. Individuals obtain a authoritative amount of pleasure from hearing scandals about celebrities.Elizabeth Bird suggests that a scandal story evokes a pleasure derived from some(prenominal) fascination and revulsion for the social bay window that scandals symptomatize (Bird 200345). Sensational headline build on ones fears, anxieties and desires. Indeed scandals appeal because they deal with the moral values, fears of the people as a whole (Bird 200332). Social values and norms are violated by scandals, and thus is what interests fans, that individu als are able to break social norms. Fans anxieties about broken marriages or families of being failures, even their make desire for riches or fame, fuel their reading of scandals.In the case of scandals, its not simply media production. It is the sustained interest of the fans that generates. To continue, while some fans idealized a celebrity at that place are others who envy them. Joseph Burgo, a psychologist and author of Why I Do That argues that idealization and envy are two powerful psychological forces that always go together. Fans often want to believe that some privileged people have perfect lives, full of satisfactions, without the everyday pain and frustration that they face in their own lives. In a way, fans take displaced pleasure in a celebrity glamorous existence.On the other hand, there are individuals that secretly hope that if those people fake to have a perfect life it is always possible that they could eventually have one, too. However, fans and other spectat ors often grow increasingly envious of that perfect life they do not have. Envy is a very negative force and one feel envious at one point or another. Because authentic fans often envy celebrities with perfect lives, they take pleasure in reading and gossiping about their downfall. Individuals who are not fans of the celebrity often take the most pleasure on watching their downfall.When an individual want something that they cannot have, they often times tend to devalue it, make it undesirable so it is no longer envy. In addition, although mass media often represents a celebrity as perfect individuals, their transgression and dysfunction shows fans that they are ordinary individuals (Lieves). They are fantasy objects, perfection that ordinary individual can not hope to attained, and hold out the lure of fully achieved selfhood to those who yearn for such an impossible fullness and perfection (Gilbert 200491).This argument helps one better understanding the interest in celebrity dys functions or transgressions. Celebrities scandals, misbehaviors or faults show that they are not all perfect individuals. Messy marriages, financial bungling, substance misdirect and mistakes humanize celebrities, bring them down to earth. Those transgressions help one identify with the celebrity. Individuals often identified with imperfect individuals. Their misbehaviors helps fans sees that they are ordinary individuals with everyday life problems just like them.Although, it is easy to see a celebrity culture as actively encouraging, constructing the cult of perfection and success by producing beautiful models, successful film stars, singers and sportsmen. Scandals about celebrities are highlighted, reported as a means of debunking the myth of human perfection. Furthermore, audiences always look for stories that spark their curiosity and interest. According to Tyler Cowen, all forms of sorts of behaviors both good and bad are used to attract fans.Right or wrong are blurred and su bsumed into the general category of a publicity folder (Cowen 2000 17). nightspot often tends to want to hear about someone getting a divorce, getting arrested instead of stories about someone donating money to a charity or saving someone life stories like that do not make the front page of the tabloids at the grocery stores. Fans might pay attention to the stories about a celebrity donating or saving someone life, but might not spark the interest of individuals whom are not fans of the particular celebrity.Seeing a tabloids headlining Chris browned abusing Rihanna and Rihanna getting back together with Chris brown can definitely spark curiosity and interest. Hence, this headline can attract attention from a variety of opposite audiences whom shares different views and belief on the subject. These headlines fans of Chris Brown, fans of Rihanna and also the interest of those who are not fans of neither celebrities. Of course, these headlines will have hundred bloggers writing tort ured messages about how pertain they are for Rihanna and the message she is sending to her leagues of fans.Stories about celebrities life and mistakes are all very entertaining. For example Lindsay Lohans drug addictions, Kim Kardashians reason for being famous, and Charlie Sheen crazy personality. Stories about these celebrities scandalous lives are engaging, stimulating and attract countless numbers of audiences. In conclusion, scandals about celebrities attract high audience interest because fans of the celebrity are not the only paying close attention to these scandals. People pay more attention to celebrities when they do something bad without even ealizing that they are doing so. While people are trying to raise a major point about how a celebrity action is immoral, incorrect, offensive, or corrupting, the rest of society are just giving it attention, increasing how well-known it is, and arousing peoples natural curiosity as to why it is so offensive. Certain fans idealize a celebrity, but there are those individuals whom take pleasure in judging them by especially harsh and oversimplified standard (Cowen 2000, 70).Citation Page Pramod, Nayard. Seeing Stars Spectacle, Society and celebrity culture SAGE, 2009. publish Bird, Elizabeth. The audience in Everyday Life Living in a media World. Routledge, 2003. Print Cowen, Tyler. What Price Fame? Harvard 1999. Print Gilbert J. Small Faces The Tyranny of Celebrity in Post-Oedipal Culture. Mediactive 2004. Print Gies, Lieve. Stars Behaving Badly. Feminist Media Studies 11. 3 (2011) 347-361. Communication Mass Media Complete. Web. 24 Mar. 2013.

Descriptions And Categories Of Hurricanes Environmental Sciences Essay

IntroductionHurricanes be tropical storms with air current velocities transcending 74mph. They typically occur over oceans and get down their formations from the equatorial parts of the universe. They ar really intricate conditions phenomena that ar still hard to understand. They are besides called tropical cyclones and typhoons. in send for them to be classified in 1969 by Saffir, H and Simpson, B. developed a graduated table which is employ to categorise them, this is refered to as the Saffir-Simpson graduated table. They range from least harmful to the most harmful ranging from class 1-5 ( Katsaros et al, 2002, ) . Hurricanes are normally attended by storm rushs. In order to understand the character of hurricanes the ambiance over oceans are continuously observed by assorted conditions orbiters in unconditioned, and separate aerial detectors. Storm surges normally accompany hurricanes.ClasssCardinal Pressures in millibarsWind velocitiesMiles per hourDamage1& gt 98074-95Mi nimal2965-97996-110Moderate3945-964111-130 drawn-out4920-944131-155Extreme5& lt 920& gt 155CatastrophicTable 1 Showing Saffir-Simpson graduated table Beginning Adapted from katsaros et Al ( 2002 ) Figure 1 Partss of a hurricane Beginning NASA online The parts which are the center, the wall and the rain sets.Remote espial of hurricanes.As a consequence of their really destructive nature, hurricanes are monitored by orbiters and aerial far feeling engineerings. The type of detectors used scope from the optical, atomise and non merely by conditions orbiters but by several other orbiters. In the instance of exigencies other orbiters are besides used to supervise hurricanes. Table 2 below shows some of the orbiters and aerial detectors that are used in the instance of exigencies to supervise hurricanes. Optical and micro-cook orbiters are frequently really critical in supervising hurricanes as they tend to come on. Due to their big spacial annunciations, they can be used to track the flight of hurricanes. These optical imagination are besides sometimes used in the absence of Radar techniques, to analyze the physical keepings of hurricanes. These physical belongingss involve liquid H2O way, thermodynamic stage of atoms and their approximative size ( Kokhanovsky & A Hoyningen-Huene, 2004 )In order to supervise hurricanes as they progress, in order for hurricanes to be dumb in the context of its character and physical belongingss, microwave orbiters provide seasonably atmospheric coverage as they can perforate clouds and due to their long wavelengths and plump irrespective of twenty-four hours or dark. ( Navalgund et al, 2007 ) . Scatterometers, Man-made Aperture Radar and micro-cook radiometers are some of the instruments uses in microwave remote feeling. While Scatterrometers and Man-made Aperture Radar are active detectors breathing their ain energy, Microwave Radiometers merely step reflected energy transmitted to it as it is a inactive detector. Scat terometers are used to mensurate heighten air current velocities and way. They measure ocean surface raggedness and are really sensitive instruments. If the air current velocity is nonOf all the declarations, a gamy temporal declaration is the most of import in tracking the way of a hurricane. This is non to state that radiometric, ghostly and spacial declarations are non of import. This is necessary in order to adequately foretell the way of the hurricane and to efficaciously supervise its advancement to state if its strength is reduced or increased. Besides, breeding and information about hurricanes can voiced go out-of-date as as the hurricane changes its class. Timely airing of informations from a hurricane is necessary in order for the terminal usage which might be a catastrophe monitoring bureau to accurately circulate information to the general populace.Besides, a high spectral declaration is needed in order to sluttish separate amongst sets, to be able to properly ana lyse informations presented. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer ( MODIS ) has really high spectral declaration of 32 sets when compared with Landsat Thematic plotter which has 7 sets ( Womble et al 2006 ) . In the trailing of the hurricane, a really larger spectral declaration will find the peculiarity between sets and the ability to spot information. Determining the perpendicular construction of the ambiance requires a high spectral declaration infrared observations. ( Schmit et al 2009 ) .Synergy or a combination of the assorted distant feeling engineerings frequently produce the best information needed to understand hurricanes. In a study carried by MCEER in the aftermath of hurricane Katrina, it was found that earlier forcasts about the class of the storm was incorrect. By uniting informations from assorted assorted orbiters, the true magniturde of the hurricane was determined ( Womble et al 2006 ) . Future tendencies in hurricane forcasting will concentrate on bettering s pectral declaration in order to be able to easy demonstrated engineering much(prenominal) as the travel IR sounder engineering will enable A geostationary advanced IR sounder would supply breakthrough measurings on the clip teaching of horizontal and perpendicular H2O vapour and temperatureconstructions. These measurings would be an unprecedented beginning of information on the dynamic and thermodynamic atmospheric Fieldss, an of import benefit to nowcasting and numerical conditions anticipation ( Schmit et al 2009 2274 )A high radiometric declaration on the other manus will take to greater peculiarity in images. The higher the spectral declaration of the image, the more characteristics can be distinguished. The areal extent covered when tracking a hurricane should non be so much in order for the instantaneous field of position non to be excessively much. In accessing jeopardies after the hurricane, a spacial declaration is needed. As u can non hold it all, trade offs are mad e and determinations as to instruments which can integrate all of these features possibly will give better apprehension of hurricanes.Table 2 Distant feeling informations used in hurricane monitoring. Beginning Womble et Al ( 2006 ) REMOTE SENSING OF HURRICANESThe first conditions orbiters which were launched provided planetary coverage of conditions events and due to their low spacial declarations. They besides had high temporal declarations supplying seasonably updates every bit frequently as every 30mins. These orbiters includeAPPROPRIATENESS OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY TO SOCIO ECONOMIC SITUATIONThe socio-economic stableness attained by the western universe has enabled her to accomplish and be able to develop and afford really expensive engineering such as distant detection. The placing of orbiters in infinite whether Geostationary or polar orbiting and the usage of other signifiers of airborne ( aeroplanes, balloons etc ) Remote Sensing Technology, the benefits derivable from timely warning of catastrophes such as hurricanes can non be of all time emphasized ( Murthi & A Madhusudan 2008 ) . Without this engineering natural happenings such as hurricanes can non be predicted.Remote feeling engineering by enable early sensing of natural catastrophes and triping off widespread warning enables catastrophe warning and catastrophe direction proparations to be carried out. Disaster direction organic structures such as FERMA, seashore guard both of the united provinces are better equipped to work decently and can assist salvage 100s of 1000s of lives and harm to belongings can besides be reduced. Satellite observations of land, oceans, atmosphere, and specifically, during natural and human-induced jeopardies have become important for protecting the planetary environment, cut downing catastrophe losingss, and accomplishing sustainable information ( Navagundi et al 2007 1747 ) .As a consequence of timely warning of impending catastrophes, concerns are given ear ly warnings and can shut on clip, and belongingss which can be moved out of injuries manner were moved. In 1992, hurricane Andrew destroyed about 25,524 places and damaged another 101,241 taking to estimated amendss of $ 25billion. Besides, in 2005 hurricanes Denis, Katrina, Rita and Wilma caused huge amendss amounting to $ 32.83 billion ( Otero et al 2009 ) .IMPORTANCE OF legitimate TIME REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGYIn supervising hurricanes as they grow and advancement, existent clip information or information is required as information can easy go out-of-date. Timely data entree and airing is really of import peculiarly in hurricanes. Although satellite engineering provides information about hurricanes they do non demo plenty item to be able to really accurately predict their tends or proctor hurricanes. NASA normally flies aircraft into the oculus of the hurricane to be able to rise more item about the hurricanes. In cases when it is excessively unsafe to wing, aircrafts that do n on necessitate worlds are flown into the hurricanes to be able to acquire more inside informations and timely updates.Hurricane Katrina presented new frontiers for research as it showed oversights in satellite anticipations. Initial premises based on the safir-simpson graduated table stated hurricane Katrina as a class 4 storm. Latter ratings utilizing a synergism of low declaration orbiters, moderate declaration orbiters, high declaration orbiters and high declaration aerial imagination showed that it was a class 3 storm and that the sum of devastation that accompanied it was a consequence of the storm rush which was still course 5 ( Womble et at 2006 ) . Detailss of the orbiters and their declarations is given below in table 2. Had the exact strength of the storm rush been known before Katrina hit, there would hold been a more equal readying and exigency response.REFEERENCESDabas, A. ( 2010 ) Detecting the Atmospheric air current from infinite. Comptes Rendus Geosciences. Article in imperativeness. Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedirect.com last accessed 02 January 2010 Harding, L.W. , Miller, W.D. , Swift, R.N. & A Wright, C.W. ( 2003 ) Aircraft Remote Sensing. Encyclopaedia of Ocean Sciences. Pp.113-122. hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedirect.com last accessed 02 January 2010 Katsaros, K.B. Vachon, P.W. Liu, W.T. & A Black, P.G ( 2002 ) Microwave Remote Sensing of Tropical Cyclones from Space. Journal of Oceanography network January 58 ( 1 ) , pp.137-151 Available from & lt hypertext transfer protocol //www.springerlink.com & gt last accessed 2 January 2010 Kokhanovsky, A.A. & A Hoyiningen-Huene, W.V. ( 2004 ) Optical belongingss of a hurricane. Atmospheric Research. Internet January-March 69 ( 3-4 ) pp.165-183 Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedirect.com last accessed 02 January 2010 Levinson, D. H. , Vickery, P.J. & A Resio, D.T. ( 2008 ) A reappraisal of the climatological features of landfalling Gulf hurricanes for air current, moving ridge, and billow hazard appraisal. Ocean Engineering. Article in imperativeness.Murthi, R.S. & A Madhusudan, H.N. ( 2008 ) Strategic considerations in Indian infinite programme-Towards maximising socio-economic benefits. Acta Astronuatica. Internet July-August 63 ( 1-4 ) pp.503-508 Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedirect.com last accessed 02 January 2010 Navalgundi, R.R. Jayaraman, V. & A Roy, P.S. ( 2007 ) Remote Feeling Applications An Overview. Current Science Internet celestial latitude 93 ( 12 ) , pp.1747-1766 Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.ias.ac.in/currsci/dec252007/1747.pdf last accessed 02 January 2010 Otero, C.E. , Velazquez, A. , Kostanic, I. , Subramanian, C. , Pinelli, J. & A Buist, L. ( 2009 ) Real-time Monitoring of Hurricane Winds utilizing Wireless and Sensor Technology. JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS. Internet December 4 ( 12 ) pp.1275-1285 Available from hypertext tran sfer protocol //www.academypublisher.com/ojs/index.php/jcp/article/viewFile/041212751285/1332 last accessed 02 January 2010 Schmit T.J. Li, J. Ackerman, S.A. & A Gurka, J.J. ( 2009 ) High-Spectral- and High-Temporal-Resolution Infrared Measurements from Geostationary Orbit. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. Internet November, ledger 26 pp.2273-2292 Available from hypertext transfer protocol //ams.allenpress.com/archive/1520-0426/26/11/pdf/i1520-0426-26-11-2273.pdf last accessed 02 January 2010 Womble, J.A. Ghosh, S. Adams, B.J. & A Friedland, C.J. ( 2006 ) Advanced Damage Detection for Hurricane Katrina Integrating Remote Sensing and VIEWSa? Field Reconnaissance. MCEER Special Report Series Internet March, Volume 2, pp hypertext transfer protocol //mceer.buffalo.edu/publications/Katrina/06SP02-web.pdf last accessed 02 January 2010 NASA ( 2004 ) How strong is that Hurricane. Available fromhypertext transfer protocol //www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k4/ kin/F _How_Strong_Is_That_Hurricane.html last accessed 02 January 2010

Arab Revolt Affect on World Economy

A civilization which leaves so large a number of its participants unsatisfied and drives them into repulse neither has nor deserves the prospect of a lasting existence. (Freud, 2011) As the above quote describe the insubordination took place when the citizen of the demesne ar left unsatisfied and there are demands and rights ignored by the government or the king/queen or by the monarch for their benefits and luxury it triggered the citizen to come on the roads or even to pick up the arms for the their freedom to breath in their country. This is what the valet de chambre has witnessed from winters of 2010.When the citizen of the Middle East countries and North Africa principally Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria and Yemen came together to throw away the rule of the old tyrants which are ruling them for old age and suppressing their lives for the lavishness in their own countries by exercising the their violence on them. save once the revolt got the spark it turns into the fire a nd it burned-out the in all the ruler rules and even some ruler as well as suffer to loose their lives. The revolt which took place in the Middle East countries and North Africa was named as Jasmine revolution and Arab spring.The revolt was first triggered from the North Africa country Tunisia, and from there the demand of democracy travel to Egypt, Libya, Syria and Yemen. Facebook was champion of the major tools for the revolutionary, which united them collected them and helps them to share ideas for conclusion the way to achieve the democracy dream. The youth played the major role in the revolt and it was fueled by the seven metrics which include determine snarf, cockerion, income disparity, unemployment, repression, external (NATO) support and internet and mobile media support. Anderson, 2011) The Jasmine revolution or Arab outset started from Tunisia on 18 December 2010 where the Tunisia citizen which turn out to be the revolutionary in the end for their right for demo cracy. Tunisia citizen was very unsatisfied from the rule of their dictator Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali who was ruling the country from 1987. In the 23 days rule zine el-Abidine Ben Ali has never thought of the citizen of the country and only thought of his luxurious disembodied spirit, which turn uped into the high unemployment, low income, corruption and forage inflation.The balloon which was filled with hot air of the problem and concerns for their and their children life from 23 years exploded. The Tunisia citizen came on the bridle-paths on 18 December evening demanding Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali to leave the throne. The vendor Mohamed Bouaziz who killed himself by setting himself on fire in Sidi Bouzid to demonstrate Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali that it is more prospering to do suicide by setting himself on fire then to live with his family in Tunisia under the rule of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali which has only giving him problem life food inflation, poverty, no liberty and no right to even ask for his right.The death Mohamed Bouaziz work as a catalyst in the Tunisia revolution the conclusion and protest started to get more fierce which was shaking the 23 years rule of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali. Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali tries his best to safeguard his rule by utilize power of patrol and security force. Police and security forces open fire on the demonstrators. Thousands of demonstrators got injured and hundreds of demonstrators were killed by the forces. After 28 days of Mohamed Bouaziz death On 14 January 2011 Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali has to lay off from his post and to save his live he has to leave Tunisia and fly to Saudi-Arabian Arabia.After the demolition of the rule of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali a state emergency was declared. This inspired the early(a) Middle East countries and North Africa countries to fight for the problems, rights and their freedom. ( Chick,2011) As the revolt has non only impacted the Tunisia economy itself further also the European un ion, Arab league and west contendd countries. As Tunisia has very good trade relation with the European Union, linked States, china and many other Asian countries so it also going to imprint the economies of these countries.Tunisia is very close to European union economically and commercially, On 1 January 2008 European Union and Tunisia signed a association agreement in which all the trade barriers and custom tariffs was lifted for both the countries on manufactured goods which made free trade for both the European Union countries and Tunisia. Tunisia used mainly deals in manufacturing goods, textiles, footwears, petroleum and electrical and mechanical goods. Tunisia exports count of $ 16. 416 billion which is mainly clothing, semi finished goods and textiles, mechanical and electrical goods and hydrocarbons.The main importers of the Tunisian goods are European Union countries, European Union import more than 76% of Tunisia goods which are export from Tunisia to other countries . Asia, Africa and Americas are the next major importer of the Tunisian goods. So the revolt has significant affect on the European Union countries grocery store. Tunisia is not only the supplier of goods to European commercialize but it is also very good market for the European Union countries as the European countries export more than 71% total import of the Tunisia which accounts for $ 22. 08 billion, Asia and African next two major exporter for Tunisia. (European Commission Trade,2010) The United States of America has also signed a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement in October 2002. Tunisia has also signed a Agadir Agreement with Saudi Arab, Jordan and Morocco In 2004. (U. S. section of State,2011) Egypt was the next country which got inspired by the Tunisia revolution and was ready to do the alike(p) which Tunisia citizen has done for their democracy and right because Egypt was also suffering from the same disease from many years name dictatorship.Egypt economy was gr owing under the rule of Hosni Mubarak but some factors that triggered the Egypt citizen to fight for the resignation of Hosni Mubarak was the corruption, low incomes, high unemployment, food inflation, emergency justice and no right to speak. These were the factors which was the cause of the end of the Hosni Mubarak rule over Egypt. Hosni Mubarak got the power to rule Egypt in 1981 and he ruled Egypt for 30 years by imposing the continuous state of emergency in the country.On 25 January 2011 young generation of Egypt decided that they are going to fight against the corrupt government of Hosni Mubarak by using the social networking sites like Facebook and twitter. The social media and television media played very big role in Egypt revolution. On 28 January 2011 thousands of pot came out of their houses on streets for the peaceful demonstration in capital of Egypt. President Hosni Mubarak tried very hard to cling on the power by giving speeches to the nation, by promising he want st and for election for next time and by forming a new cabinet.But on 3 February in Cairo on Tahrir square the tsunami of protestor has been witnessed by Egypt and then riots broke out in which many muckle died and got injured. After the 18th day protest on 11 February 2011 Hosni Mubarak step down from the post of the president and the Egyptian Armed force took over the control of Egypt. (Amar, 2011) Egypt is not a petroleum colour exporting country but it play a very vital rule in providing the oil color to the other through the gift of Suez canal. Suez Canal is 102 mile long canal locate in the red sea.Through Suez Canal and overland pipelines in Egypt nearly 3. 6 % of total oil production passes to the world which is 3 million barrel of oil every day. 2700 crude oil tanker ships passes through the canal and if the revolt continues and it disrupted the canal then it will directly lead to the impairment rise of the oil which will be the strong reason for spreading the food infl ation in the world. (Dadwal, 2011) After Tunisia and Egypt it was turn of Libya which was suffering from the rule of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi.Libya citizen was veneering many problems during the 42 years rule of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi like unemployment, corruption in government office, no right speech, human right violation and food Inflation. But later the success of Tunisia citizen Libya got the new hope that they can fight for their right and they can win they rights. The protest was started on 15 February 2011 and turn into civil war when security force fire on the crowd. After that rebellion group was formed. On 20 February rebellions captured Tripoli which is the capital of Libya.In this fight the rebellion also got the support of the NATO forces which was bombarding on Gaddafi army. After capturing the Tripoli the one and only aim of the rebellion force was to capture Muammar Gaddafi and kill him. On 20 October Muammar Gaddafi rule cease on Libya and his life to he was kil led by rebellion army when he was trying to escape from Libya. On 23 October 2011 the civil war of Libya ended. (BIX, 2011) Economically Libyan Civil war has many major impact on the global economy as Libya is one of the oil producing country in the North Africa and it s oil production counts for 1% or 2% of total oil production of the world.But Libya export more than 85% oil to Europe and 5% oil to US. Because of the Libyan Civil war the oil outlay perk up rocketed in global market. Libya produces 1. 7 million lay a day on the normal day of Libya but after the protest started the oil production has gone down more than 50%. In the revolt time Libya is dear producing half of the oil compare to normal day which is less than 400000 barrel a day. The production has gone down because the foreign workers which work in oil refinery have to flee to their homes to safe their life and because of which in the oil refineries few worker are left.The energy export of Libya has been completely stopped after the revolt which has given the new jump to the oil in the world market. Italy imported 25% of oil and 15 % of natural gases from Libya. Greenstream pipeline which carriers natural gases from Sahara field of Wafa to Mediterranean port which ship to Italy for meeting the energy requirement of Italy. But during the Libyan Civil war it was under the control of rebellion forces because of which Italy has to suffer from energy shortage.Because of Libyan civil war the oil futures rises to $120 barrel in London and $100 in US which was the highest since the global slowdown of 2008. ( WATSON,2011) And the oil will have more price rise because the Libya output might be vanished for some time from the global market. Saudi Arab have also announced that it will check the oil production from Arab nation by producing more oil which will cover for the lost of oil production of Libya. And they will ship extra barrels to European countries through Red sea.Saudi Arab has also convinced the West African countries to divert the shipment of oil from Asia to Europe. But the high quality oil of Libya which has low sulphur contain and which can easy be refined will created problem for the European small refineries to refine the heavy sulphur Saudi Oil which will also increase the cost of the European countries and which will be seen on the price of the product of goods in the long run. But it not all about Libya export it also about the Libya Import as the Libya Import account for more than $ 22 billion.The goods which is mainly imported by Libya are machinery, transport equipment, food, manufactured goods and consumer products and the major countries which export these goods to Libya are Italy, chinaware, dud Germany and South Korea etc. These countries will be also being facing problem because the market where they were selling the goods it is completely destroyed by the revolt. (Reddy,2011) Syria is also included in the name of the countries which are chip for th eir freedom like Tunisia, Egypt and Libya.The causes for the Syrian revolution was quite an same with the other three countries like corruption in government, dictatorship, no human rights, unemployment and inspirational success of the revolt of Tunisia and Egypt. In Syria this war is not for one person this war is against the corrupt government of Syria which is ruled by Baath Party whos Hafez al Assad ruled this country for 30 years and after his death his son Bashar-al-Assad succeeded him and capture the throne of Syria. On 15 march the Syrian decided to protest against the Assad family which is ruling them from 1970 by using their terror and power.Assad family have many examples of brutality on Syria back but on 15 march citizen of Syria called it Day of Dignity and thousands of people came out to protest against Bashar-al-Assad demanding his resignation. Bashar al-Assad is clinging to the power by security forces and police. Security force and police has killed many protestors during the protest to safeguard the crown of the president of Bashar-al-Assad. Basharal-Assad has fired his old government but he rest in the power and he formed a new government to manipulate the people of Syria. But the protest is still going on and Basharal-Assad is using army to suppress the revolt. Blanford, 2011) Economically Syrian uprising will also affect the world and first it will affect it neighboring countries mainly Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon and Iran. Turkey and Syria has the trade of $2. 27 billion last year it is definitely going to hurt Turkey badly. Firstly the demands for the Turkey goods are decreasing in Syria after starting of the Syrian uprising. The sources have estimated that the demand of the imports and Turkish goods which used to be high has decreased very sharply. The percentage decrease in the demand of Turkish imported goods in Syria has fallen between 30% to 40%. nd it is expected that the percentage decrease may also drop more than this. both Turkey and Syria are not even having the desire to renew their contracts because of Syrian Uprising. In 2010 Turkey exported goods to Syria which account for $ 630 million while Syria exports goods to Turkey which account for $ 1. 6 billion. Turkey has invested more or less $ 260 million in sector such as lighting industry and construction industry. Second country which is going to get affect from this revolt is Lebanon. Lebanon is going to affected by Syria in two ways.Firstly the Syria and Lebanon has very good trade relation with each other. In 2010 the trade between both the countries is valued around $ 1. 3 billion. Secondly Lebanon got cheap labour from Syria and because of Syrian uprising the movement of labour will become difficult which rise the labour cost in the Lebanese economy. But because of this revolt Lebanese bank will have benefits, as Syrian merchants and businessmen use Lebanese banks to keep their deposits. And because of the revolt and instability in Syria the bank ing activity of Syrian merchant and businessmen will increase in Lebanese bank.Iraq is primary destination of Syrian exports as the Syria export goods to Iraq which account for $ 2. 5 billion which is the 18. 8% of the total Syrian export. (Saif, 2011). Syria is not a major oil producing nation. Two Asian rising economies China and India has also invested in the Syria Al-Furat Petroleum company in 2005. India OVL and China CNPC jointly bought a 37% stake in the Syria Al-Furat Petroleum Company, which own 39 oil and gas fields in whole Syria. Share of OVL (India) was 0. 72 million tones in 2009- 2010 in the production of the crude oil in Syria.In 2009 OVL (India) founded oil on onshore block of North-Eastern Syria which are under the commercial development. So India and china also might get affected if the revolt continues in Syria. Syria uprising will also have impact on Russia and the European Union countries as they are one of the important trade partner of Syria. ( Balakrishanan ,2011) Yemen Upspring 2011 started on 27 January when 16000 demonstrators came on to the streets against the president of Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh and start demanding the resignation from the post of the president, which he was holding from 1978.After Tunisia revolution success Saleh was aware of the protest is going to perish in Yemen too. So Soon after the Jasmine revolution success he increase the salaries of military officers and civil servants by 25%. On 3 February 20000 people of Yemen protested against Saleh in Capital of Yemen Sanaa. On 18 march Saleh force killed 52 and injured hundred of protestors in Sanaa. But people of Yemen are still fighting for their human rights and against corruption. Ali Abdullah Saleh is evacuated to Saudi Arab Because he got injured in Bomb blast in the presidential compound mosque.And he hand over the power to transgression president Abd al-Rab Mansur al-Hadi and revolt is going on and on. (Economist, 2011) Economically Yemen uprising impact will be seen mostly in the Asian Countries China and India. As China and India has very good trade relation with Yemen from many years. Yemen is a one of the largest market for Chinese product. Yemen export nearly account for $ 7. 5 billion which is mainly petroleum products, liquefied natural gas and refined oil products and the major market for the Yemeni goods are China, India, Thailand, South Africa, South Korea and United States.Yemen Import accounts for around $ 9. 2 billion and the major supplier are China, India, UAE, Saudi Arab and Kuwait. As the revolt goes on these are the countries whose market might suffer in the future. (U. S. Department of State 2011) Before the start of the Arab spring the Brent crude oil price was $100 per barrel. International Energy Agency has shown an astonishing figure of the harvesting by 2. 7 billion barrel per dollar, and has also predited that the growth will have a pace of 1. 5 million barrel per day for the world. The Arab Spring 2011 has had its major impact on the oil prices.The prices have risen in all parts of the world as there has been the unfavorable condition of more demand than the Arab countries can supply. The risk is greater in the emerging economies of the world than on the developed economies, because the developed economies have the money and they hold some power in these Arab economies which the emerging economies cannot enjoy. The main countries which are facing the revolt are Tunisia Libya and Egypt. As Libya is the 13th largest oil producing country and Egypt also control the supply of oil in foreign countries by Suez canal.The price of Brent crude oil has increased to $115 per barrel and on 24 February the price of oil got increased to $120 per barrel because it was realize that the world have to manage without or less supply of oil from Libya which accounts for 2% of worlds need. During the period of oil embargo in 1972, Iranian revolution and invasion of Iraq on Kuwait the world had witnessed a recessionary period and had also suffered from high oil prices to the low supply of the same. The world economy is very sensitive to oil price. As the price of Brent Crude oil had jumped 25% in last year which $23 per barrel.IMF has accepted that 10% increase in the oil price will decrease the GDP of economies by 0. 2% to 0. 3% in year. Increase in the oil prices may send back US and UK economy in double dip recession in the future. Every dollar increase in the oil price leads to the increase in US gas price by 2. 3 cent per gallon and which leads to the consumer taxes to $ 1. 2 billion per year. Emerging countries like India and China will be hard reach out from the rise in the oil prices. The higher oil price may increase the inflation rate in the Emerging countries as China was targeting the Inflation rate of 4% but it rose well above the target which is 4. % and India inflation has been more than 9% in this which. The higher oil price may jump inflation rate in the near futur e. The increase in the oil prices may also result in higher unemployment as the rise of the oil price will increase the price of manufacturing which will lead to layoffs which will cause the stagflation in the economy. (Economist, 2011) As the Arab Spring was for the democracy and for the Human rights of the citizen of MENA countries but the fact cant be neglected that it had hurt the world economy quite badly and it may also worsen the current situation of world, hich is already suffering from other wounds like recession, Euro zone crisis, Japan crisis due to tsunami and earthquake and occupy wall street and many more events. But You are a human being. You have rights inherent in that reality. You have dignity and worth that exist prior law (Neylon,2011) Reference List 1. Anderson, L (2011), Demystifying the Arab Spring, Foreign Affairs, 90, 3, pp 2-7. 2. Amar, P (2011), EGYPT AFTER MUBARAK, Nation, 292, 21, pp. 11-15 3. Blanford, N (2011), Could Syria see an uprising like Egypts? Not likely, Christian Science Monitor.Available at http//ehis. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? vid=6=121=f6bf370c-a90d-4f69-a3a9-eecc26d597ec%40sessionmgr115=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=aph=57765811 4. BIX, HP (2011), The North AfricanMiddle East Uprisings from Tunisia to Libya, Massachusetts Review, 52, 2, pp. 329-347. 5. Balakrishanan ,B (2011) Global Impact of Syriaa crisis The Hindoo Business Line, Available at http//www. thehindubusinessline. com/opinion/columns/bhaskar-balakrishnan/article2032363. ece Accessed on 6/11/2011. 6. Chick, K, (2011). How revolt sparked to life in Tunisia. Christian Science Monitor , Available at. ttp//ehis. ebscohost. com/ehost/resultsadvanced? sid=f6bf370c-a90d-4f69-a3a9-eecc26d597ec%40sessionmgr115=3=20=(yet+more+cracking+down)=JmRiPWFwaCZ0eXBlPTEmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl 7. Dadwal. R. S, (2011) The Crisis in Egypt and its Impact on the Oil Market Available at http//www. eurasiareview. com/05022011-the-crisis-in-egypt-and-its-impact-on-the-oil-market /. Accessed on 7/11/2011 8. European Commission Trade (2010), Tunisia Available at http//ec. europa. eu/trade/creating-opportunities/bilateral-relations/countries/tunisia/ Accessed on 8/11/2011 9. Freud,S (2011) Sigmund Freud quotes Available at ttp//www. brainyquote. com/quotes/quotes/s/sigmundfre401883. html Accessed on 8/11/2011 10. Neylon. L. B (2011) Quotation about human rights Quote Garden Available at http//www. quotegarden. com/h-rights. html Accessed on 9/11/2011 11. Reddy,S,B,S (2011) Libyan crisis to hit domestic inflation India Today. in, Available at http//indiatoday. intoday. in/story/libya-unrest-to-hit-domestic-inflation/1/131802. html Accessed on 6/11/2011 12. Saif, I, (2011). SyriaCrisis may hurt economies of Turkey,Lebanon,Jordan,Iraq. Los Angeles Times, 13 August.. 13. The price of fear (2011), Economist, 398, 8723, pp. 29-32. 4. U. S. Department of State (2011) Tunisia economy Available at http//www. state. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5439. htm Accessed on 7/11/2011 15. U. S. Department of State (2011) Yemen Economy Available at http//www. state. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35836. htm Accessed on 7/11/2011 16. WATSON, T (2011), THE PRICE OF REVOLUTION, Canadian Business, 84, 5, pp. 12-14. 17. Yet more cracking down (2011), Economist, 398, 8725, p. 57. Available at http//ehis. ebscohost. com/ehost/resultsadvanced? sid=f6bf370c-a90d-4f69-a3a9-eecc26d597ec%40sessionmgr115=3=20=(yet+more+cracking+down)=JmRiPWFwaCZ0eXBlPTEmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC

Essay on dickin’s journey to niagra Essay

daemon felt transported by the sublimity of Niagara go when he visited it on his 1842 journey to the United States and Canada. In a letter to Forster (26 April 1842), he said of Horseshoe waterf either (the Canadian side of Niagara) that It would be hard for a humanity to stand nearer God than he does there (Letters 3 210). devil proceeds to effuse over the beauty and majesty of the falls in a passage that forms the chief part of his rendering of his experience in American Notes, although the letter actually offers the superior answer for There was a bright rainbow at my feet and from that I looked up to great enlightenmentTo what a fall of bright green water The broad, deep, mighty stream percolatems to die in the act of falling and, from its unfathomable grave arises that dangerous cutaneous senses of spray and mist which is never laid, and has been haunting this place with the same dread life-threateningityperhaps from the creation of the world (Letters 3 210-11).In this essay, I conk bug out Dickenss reaction to Niagara Falls in the context of other(a) British travel narratives from the previous decade, and examine how Niagara speaks to Dickens of life after end (as he describes it above, the falls die and then rise again in ghostly mist). His profound experience at Niagara Falls shaped his treatment of climactic, transcendent moments in subsequent novels in particular, from this point on Dickens repeatedly uses water imagery (especially seas, swamps and rivers) as symbols of death, rebirth, transformation and of being disturbed with the joy of high thoughts, to use Wordsworths phrase in Tintern Abbey.But Dickenss reaction was more than just a typical Romantic experience, similar to those of other nineteenth-century British travelers it was in part shaped by his overall disappointment in America and his relief to be on English ground again.Niagara Falls fulfills several definitions of the fantastic. Philosophers since Longinus have used th e term deluxe to refer to experiences that go beyond the e trulyday, that inspire awe, that involve a sense of grandeur, that elevate ones thoughts and feelings and that exceed the capacity of human descriptive powers. Longinus, of course, used the term in reference to rhetoric, but ulterior philosophers found many of the same qualities in sublimescenes of nature. Edmund Burke in his Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1757) emphasized the role of terror in the sublime, for only the presence of fear, he felt, could account for the complete overwhelming of all other thoughts and sensations in experiencing sublime scenes in nature.Alexander Gerard in An Essay on Taste (1759) stressed the importance of bodily immensity in the experience of the sublime When a large object is presented, the mind expands itself to the extent of that object, and is filled with one grand sensation, which totally possessing it, composes it into a solemn sedaten ess and strikes it with deep silent wonder and admiration (11). Similarly, the Romantics, and particularly Wordsworth, felt that natural scenes that impress the viewer with their immensity and particularly their power, such as mountains or waterfalls, create sublime sensations that feed the soul and the poetic inclination both at the moment and in the future by the aid of imagination and memory.Niagara Falls embodies all the qualities traditionally associated with the sublimeits immensity, power, and beauty overawe viewers, reminding them, particularly in nineteenth-century accounts, of the presence of other awe-inspiring forces such as death and God.Niagara Falls, oddly enough, fits evening the scientific definition of sublime, which is to cause to pass from solid to the vapor state by heating and againcondense to solid form. Not by heating but by motion and pressure the falls turn water into vapor, the ever present mist that surrounds them, and the vapor eventually returns agai n to the falls, a cycle that led Dickens to use death/resurrection imagery in the description quoted above (i.e. The broad, deep, mighty stream seems to die in the act of falling and, from its unfathomable grave arises that tremendous ghost of spray and mist which is never laid).It is the never-ending presence of great volumes of spray that leads to the ever-present rainbows in descriptions and paintings of the falls, such as Frederic Churchs famous 1857 painting, Niagara. The rainbows naturally heighten the spiritual effect of the falls as they are the perfect image of a bridge between earth and enlightenment and are the symbol of Gods covenant with man in the flood story in Genesis. They are also a striking participation of energy (light) and matter (water particles) and assuch are a powerful metaphor for the presence of the divine on earth.It is the rainbows that seem to move Dickens the to the highest degree on his second visit to Niagara in 1868, a quarter of a century after his first visit, a journey he took purely for pleasure. As he wrote to Forster on March 16, 1868 The majestic valley infra the Falls, so seen through the vast cloud of spray, was made of rainbow. The high banks, the riven rocks, the forests, the bridge, the buildings, the air, the sky, were all made of rainbow. zip fastener in Turners finest water-colour drawings, done in his greatest day, is so ethereal, so imaginative, so gorgeous in colour, as what I then beheld. I seemed to be lifted from the earth and to be looking into Heaven.What I once said to you, as I witnessed the scene five and twenty years ago, all came back at this most affecting and sublime sight (Letters 12 75).Dickens was certainly not the only English tourist to be dreaded by Niagara Falls. In fact, his visit there, and even his mystical effusions about it, could be considered customary and necessary elements of any narrative of travels through America and Canada. As Amanda Claybaugh states in The Novel of Purp ose Literature and Social Reform in the Anglo-American World, the conventional itinerary acceptd the main natural sites (the Mississippi River, the prairies of the West, and above all else, Niagara Falls) (71-2).In interior(prenominal) Manners of the Americans (1832), Frances Trollope refers to all the chief elements of the sublime in her description of Niagara Falls, repeatedly expressing that they defy description and that in viewing them wonder, terror, and delight overwhelmed her (337). I wept with a inappropriate mixture of pleasure and of pain, she writes, and certainly was, for some age, too violently affected. to be capable of much pleasure but when this emotion of the senses subsided my enjoyment was very great indeed. She notes the mystical effect of the falls as well It has to me something beyond its vastness, over which a shadowy mystery hangs, which neither the eye nor even the imagination can penetrate (337).Harriet Martineau visited the falls in 1834 and, like T rollope and Dickens, associated them with the mystical to offer an idea of Niagara by writing of hues and dimensions is much like representing the kingdom ofHeaven by images of jasper and topazes (96). On her second visit to the falls months later, Martineau descended the stairs behind the falls and wrote From the moment that I perceived that we were actually behind the cataract, and not in a mere cloud of spray, the enjoyment was intense. I not only saw the watery curtain to begin with me like tempest-driven snow, but by momentary glances could see the crystal roof of this most wonderful of Natures palaces (104).Perhaps the oddest narrative of a British visit to Niagara Falls comes from Captain Frederick Marryat, who wrote about his 1837 parapraxis to the falls in his Diary in America, published in 1839 As I stood on the brink above the falls, continuing for a considerable time to watch the great mass of water tumbling, dancing, capering, and rushing wildly along I could not hel p wishing that I too had been made of such stuff as would have enabled me to have joined it with it to have rushed innocuously down the precipice to have rolled uninjured into the deep unfathomable gulf below (111).The longer he stood there the more the urge to jump into the falls rose in him until he had to pull himself away, an experience that testifies to the terror that Burke argued was inseparable in the sublime, a terror that Trollope experienced but Dickens denied feeling in viewing the falls. As it turns out, Marryat might have done himself a estimation to jump, for as Jules Zanger, the editor of his diary, asserts, of all the literary lions who have made their progress through America the most tactless and blundering was Captain Frederick Marryat.Zanger points out that Marryat began his journey as an honored guest, but before he concluded his trip, he had been threatened by a lynch mob, had watched his books burned in public bonfires, and had seen himself hung in imag e twice by angry crowds (9).He had a habit, it seems, of regularly saying the wrong thing, a habit that at times carries over into his travel narrative, as in a bizarre passage where he wishes he could transport Niagara Falls to Italy and pour them down Mount Vesuvius and thereby create the largest steamboiler that ever entered into the imagination of man (111). Later, Marryat counters the oddness of this image with the more conventional statement that the voice of Niagara was thevoice of the Almighty, and that a Presbyterian minister he heard nearby should have preached on its contentedness instead of on the uninspiring and hackneyed subject of temperance (112).These were the American journeys and narratives most in the British public eye when Dickens embarked on his trip to North America. In this context, his ecstatic description of the falls may seem rather ordinary. Romanticism was still the dominant cultural influence at the time, so one was expected to have Romantic effusions about iconic Romantic scenes. (1) But while the journey to the falls may have become customary, and the experiences of the sublime similar in most narratives, yet the effect was still profound for Dickens, as one can see particularly in the letters where he goes beyond the vague, mystical language often associated with the sublime and move overs specific personal connections with the falls.As I have pointed out above, the falls made Dickens approximate almost immediately of the cycle of death and resurrection with the falls descending into the abyss and rising again in spray. But even more specifically they reminded him of his good sister-in-law bloody shame who had died suddenly seven years earlier. As he wrote to Forster from Niagara, what would I give if the dear girl whose ashes lie in Kensal-green, had lived to come so remote along with us. But then he takes back the wish because he decides that she must have been here many times, I doubt not, since her sweet hardiness fa ded from my earthly sight (Letters 3 211).His associating the falls with Marys death and her continuing spiritual presence on earth allows Dickens to learn the falls his own, at least in part. They become linked to a personal family tragedy and offer a consolation for her loss.But Dickens makes another(prenominal) personal connection with the falls. In letters written from Niagara, he repeatedly adds to the date the phrase Niagara Falls (Upon the English Side) with English underscored with as many as ten dashes. He only does this in letters to his English friends, of courseincluding Forster, Mitton and Beard, as if to express a sense of relief. After Dickenss known disappointments with Americanshis exasperation with their greed, their spitting, their lack of respect for privacy and copyright laws, not to mention their slaverytopics coveredfully in American Notes and in lettersbeing among English on English turf must have been a welcome experience.Writing to Forster on 26 April 184 2, Dickens mentions that there were two English officers with them as they first approached the falls, and he exclaims ah What gentlemen, what noblemen of nature they seemed, implying that he had not seen much of their kind in the States (Letters 3 210). In emphasizing the English side of the falls, Dickens once again seems to imagine a personal connection to something that transcends the personal. He tries to come to terms with the sublimity of the falls, reduce them at least in part to his level, make them part of himself, part of his family story, part of his Englishness.In this way he can own his experience of the falls, anchor it mentally and emotionally and then use it later in his fiction, as he indeed does. His account of the falls in American Notes lacks some of the interest of his descriptions in letters precisely because he leaves out the personal connections he makes in correspondence, no doubt deeming them inappropriate for the public narrative.Having made these persona l associations between the falls and the death and spiritual presence of Mary and between the sublime and the English, it is not surprising, then, that Dickens would work the falls and other powerful images of water into his portrayals of death, transformations, and transcendent moments in his subsequent novels. In order to forecast the change we must first look at the imagery Dickens used for such moments in his earlier novels.In the novels Dickens published before visiting Niagara in 1842, he frequently gestured toward transcendence in death scenes and in concluding chapters, but the imagery he used tends to center on sunny little communities, flowers and other greenery, angels, and churches. Consider Mr. Pickwicks cheery rural community at the end of his talenot transcendent, perhaps, but in the shackle between Pickwick and Sam which nothing but death will sever certainly leaning to the legendary (ch. 57). Or consider the gentle light that blush wine Maylie sheds as she stands with Oliver by Agness tomb in Oliver Twist (both characters are suffused with light in Cruikshanks last illustration).Nicholas Nickleby ends with a summery community of Nicklebys and friends with their children strew flowers on Smikes gravePhiz nicely captures the feeling of summer and sunshine inhis final illustration (Figure 1). As Dickens describes the scene The plenty was green above the dead boys grave, and trodden by feet so small and light, that not a daisy drooped its head beneath their pressure. Through all the onslaught and summer-time, garlands of fresh flowers wreathed by infant hands rested upon the stone, and when the children came to change them lest they should wither and be pleasant to him no longer, their eyes filled with tears, and they spoke low and piano of their poor dead cousin (ch. 64).Barr, Alan P. Mourning Becomes David Loss and the Victorian Restoration of Young Copperfield. Dickens Quarterly 24 (June 2007) 63-77.Berard, Jane. Dickens and Landscape Di scourse. New York turncock Lang, 2007. Claybaugh, Amanda. The Novel of Purpose Literature and Social Reform in the Anglo-American World. Ithaca Cornell UP, 2007.Dickens, Charles. The Pilgrim Edition of the Letters of Charles Dickens. Vols. 3, 12. Ed. Madeline House, et al. Oxford Clarendon, 1974-2002.Gerard, Alexander. An Essay on Taste. Intro. Walter J. Hipple. 3rd ed. 1780. Gainesville U of Florida P, 1963.Marryat, Captain Frederck. Diary in America. Ed. by Jules Zanger. Bloomington Indiana UP, 1960.Martineau, Harriet. Retrospect of Western Travel. Vol. 1. 1838. New York Johnson, 1968.Metz, Nancy Aycock. The Companion to Martin Chuzzlewit. Robertsbridge Helm Information, 2001.Page, Norman. Ed. and Intro. The Old Curiosity Shop. NY Penguin, 2000.Poole, Adrian. Ed. and Intro. Our Mutual Friend. NY Penguin, 1997.Slater, Michael. Ed. Dickens Journalism. Dent Uniform Edition. Vol. 2. London J. M. Dent, 1997.Trollope, Frances. domestic help Manners of the Americans. London Routledge, 1927.NATALIE MCKNIGHT(Boston University)NOTES(1) Jane Berard sees Dickenss description of the falls simply as customary, but pays scant attention to his descriptions in letters (51).(2) Recent examples include Michelle Allens Cleansing the City Sanitary Geographies in Victorian London, Athens, OH U of Ohio P, 2007 Leon Litvacks Images of the River in Our Mutual Friend, Dickens Quarterly 20.1 (2003) 34-55 and Pamela Gilberts medical examination Mapping The Thames, the Body, and Our Mutual Friend, in Filth, Dirt, Disgust and Modern Life, ed. by William A. Cohen and Ryan Johnson, Minneapolis U of Minnesota P, 2005, 78-102.(3) Transmutation of Species, AYR (9 March 1861), 519-21. Dickens was aware of other theories related to maturation as well, and refers to the Monboddo doctrine of the human race having once been monkeys in the first chapter of Martin Chuzzlewit (Metz 37-9) and to Robert Chamberss Vestiges (1844) in a review of Robert Hunts rhyme of Science published in The Examin er in 1848 (Slater 2 129-34). In addition, Household Words included F. T. Bucklands Old Bones, (24 Sept. 1853) and Henry Morleys Our wraith Ship on an Antediluvian Cruise (16 Aug. 1851). See also Natalie McKnight, Dickens and Darwin A Rhetoric of Pets, The Dickensian 102 (2006), 131-43. COPYRIGHT 2009 Dickens Society of AmericaNo portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder. Copyright 2009 Gale, Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.Please bookmark with social media, your votes are spy and appreciated

Age Requirements in the Music Industry

harmony brings eagerness to e re tout ensembleyones lives. It goes without saying, harmony industry is a youth dominated business. Music creates huge portions of public cultures, promoting fashions, make-up, automobiles, popular hangouts and latest technology. People behind scenes in music business targeting youthful audiences bring in about revenue. Performers ability to portray sex symbolic image determines, to a large extent, eternalise comp alls success.Age RequirementsWhen professionals force very young children into stretching their vocal chords to match pitches in high notes above treble staff, when a child is given drugs to work longstanding hours while guardianship up with school work, it is too young. When an older mortal no longer wants to make efforts to appeal to audiences, that is when they be too old. Madonna, Tina Turner and Janet Jackson did not acquire their sex symbol images by accident, disregarding of how handsome they were when they were born. When a stroke of bad luck involving serious health problems, is another time when a person is too old for the music industry. This dejection occur at 20 years old, or it may never occur. Music industry professionals atomic number 18 not concerned with actual ages, as they atomic number 18 with possessing appearances and endowment appealing to youth and ability to hold audiences.Although Bocelli was exposed to different styles when he was young, its been my experience age doesnt matter. What matters is a willingness to do what it takes. I get under ones skin used methods to assist many singers into developing new styles, regardless of age (Goodrich, 2007). Carrying forth a sexy singing voice is equally important as carrying off sexy physical image. Many auditions forms ask a persons age range. Age range refers to the age performers can portray. Very often, a 40 year old person has an age range of 20-25 likewise very often, a twenty five year old has an age range of 40-50.Sex Symbol sAudiences today have a very short attention span. An ability to intrigue an audience is mandatary (paraphrased, Ravelo, November 1, 2007). Sex symbols unquestionably intrigues audiences, initially. Anyone can look like a sex symbol. Sex symbol status, like it or not, is headstrong by weight management. Rules of statistics do not apply to people keeping youthful appearances years longer than expected. Singers such as Beyonce, Madonna, PussyCat Dolls ar superior role models for women. Their hairstyles, fashions, physique contribute to their identity of existence a sex symbol.NightclubsEven with stricter laws on underage drinking, and the nightclub staff, many underage people successfully enter into clubs. All night club personnel must attend classes and pass a mandatory exam regarding laws. Fake identification cards, or theft of someone elses valid IDs are one way it is done. Legal parents or guardians accompanying their children can legally enter into night clubs and drink, as l ong as the beverage is served to the parent, and they parent gives them the drink. sometimes managers bend rules allowing underage people into the club.And sometimes unmentioned arrangements are bargained with between the club and the state and city law enforcement agencies. Clubs who ID every person walking through the door, are probably the ones pulling something under the table. Nightclubs appeal to youthful crowds. Usually, nightclubs target age groups by music selection. Sometimes a persons choice of music reveals their age. People educated in music will listen to all types of music.ConclusionMusic industry has no age requirements. Music industry requires targeting youthful audiences at any age. Popular culture, which is youth oriented, is often associated with music. Music videos are full of sex symbols, including Justin Timberlake, Elvis, Ricky Martin, Usher, Gwen Steffani, Christina Augillera. Sex symbols in music industry serve as wonderful role models for all people of all ages. People who are in the spotlight also have a responsibility to ensure their behavior is worth copying. The media and Christian groups love to throw dirt on anything or anyone presented as a glamorous sexy superstar. Music video industry has talented sex symbols of all ages.NotesGoodrich, M. Can Style Be Learned? Backstage.com joint Movement Published November 2, 2007 Date retrieved November 3, 2007http//www.backstage.com/bso/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003667139Ravelo, H., Kuhn, S., Bickelmann, L., What Top Three Things Make a Successful proleBackstage.com Ask A Pro. Published November 1, 2007 Date retrieved November 3, 2007http//www.backstage.com/bso/advice-columns/ask-a-professional/ask-a-pro/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003666231

The Widow and the Parrot

The Widow and the Parrot Virginia Woolf antecedents Background (1882-1941) British writer. Virginia Woolf became one of the most prominent literary figures of the early 20th century, with novels worry Mrs. Dalloway (1925), Jacobs Room (1922), To the Lighthouse (1927), and The Waves (1931). Woolf learned early on that it was her fate to be the daughter of educated men. In a journal entry shortly after her fathers death in 1904, she wrote His life would have end mine No writing, no books inconceivable. Luckily, for the literary world, Woolfs conviction would be overcome by her itch to write. Virginia Woolf was natural Adeline Virginia Stephen on January 25, 1882, in London. Woolf was educated at home by her father, Sir Leslie Stephen, the author of the Dictionary of English Biography, and she involve extensively. Her mother, Julia Duckworth Stephen, was a nurse, who published a book on nursing. Her mother died in 1895, which was the catalyst for Virginias first cordial breakdown. Virginias sister, Stella, died in 1897 and her father dies in 1904.Virginia Woolf died on March 28, 1941 near Rodmell, Sussex, England. She left a note for her husband, Leonard, and for her sister, Vanessa. Then, Virginia walked to the River Ouse, barf a large stone in her pocket, and drowned herself. Children found her body 18 days later. Virginia married Leonard brute in 1912. Leonard was a journalist. In 1917 the she and her husband founded Hogarth pickle, which became a successful publishing house, printing the early work of authors such as Forster, Katherine Mansfield, and T.S. Eliot, and introducing the works of Sigmund Freud. Except for the first printing of Woolfs first novel, The Voyage Out (1915), Hogarth Press also published all of her works. Virginia Woolfs works atomic number 18 often closely linked to the development of womens liberationist criticism, but she was also an important writer in the modernist movement. She revolutionized the novel with stream of consc iousness, which allowed her to depict the inner lives of her characters in all too intimate detail.In A Room of Ones Own Woolf writes, we think back through our mothers if we are women. It is useless to go to the great men writers for help, however much one may go to them for pleasure. compositors case Web James the Parrot James the Parrot Mrs. Gages Mrs. Gages Joseph Brand Joseph Brand turnkey the Dog Shag the Dog Mr. Stacey Mr. Stacey Mrs. Ford Mrs. Ford Rev. Samuel Tattbogs Rev. Samuel Tattbogs Messrs. Stagg and Beetle Messrs. Stagg and Beetle Plot Conflict Authors appearance Symbol Used Theme Moral Implication

Can Nuclear Power Ever Be Completely Safe?

Dear Editor, In response to the article subsequently Fukushima, people ask Can nuclear provide ever be completely safe? by Moya Irvine in Read on April, 2011 I would like to state my opinion. I think that the nuclear power plants are on the one hand very effective, but on the other hand so dangerous, that they could destroy our whole planet. But what would we do without nuclear energy? We have to encounter some alternative, renewable energies to get an alternative solution to the atomic power plants.When we look back to the nuclear incidents like Chernobyl, Windscale or Three Mile Island we see, that this energy is too dangerous. Such a failure, which happened in Chernobyl circa 20 years ago, in like manner could happen in every other nuclear power plant and so we have to find other renewable energies, that we do not have to use nuclear power plants. Another puzzle is the nuclear waste, which is produced by the power plants. This issue is till this day not solve. Because of thi s, we shouldnt support a technology, which isnt full developed.The only if thing that the atomic power industry is doing, is to store the nuclear wast only temporarily. Until there is no final solution, I think atomic power is not a billet for the future. Summing up, in my opinion, we should not finance such a dangerous and hostile system. Nuclear power is besides not the solution for the climate change. So I appeal to all of the people- lets staunch nuclear power plants and save our kids future, because some day there will may be some other Fukushima or Chernobyl. My name

Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock

Hitchcock and Dualism in Psycho The characters in Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho (1960) each shake off a dual nature that is masterfully portrayed through character development and spend of mirrors throughout the film. The truly frontmost shot in Psycho is zooming in from an open view of the city where it is a bright and sunny day. As the shot zooms in further and further it comes into a dark and shaded direction that shows Marion Crane (Janet Leigh) and surface-to-air missile Loomis (John Gavin) having an affair in a undisclosed hotel. This is dualistic orbit is just whizz example of many that Hitchcock has placed in this film.Marion Crane is the premier(prenominal) main character that is focused upon for the first half of Psycho. All that Marion Wants, after all, be the humble treasures of love, marriage, home, and family. (Brill 227) up and down This is the reason why Marion steals the money in the first place. The money is her first real get hold at escaping the life of meet ing at cheap hotels in secret. The opening scene shows the lack of money and personal isolation that Marion has while making love in secrecy in a hotel that arent interested in you when you come in, but when your time is up. Marion is expansive for any type of companionship with Sam even claiming she would happily live in the spare direction at his work. The progress of Marion in Psycho is followed very closely by her appearance and her apparel. the bag is a transgressive agent associated with stealing, escape, and independence. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 151) Sarah Street 151 Before any crime was ever committed, Marion wore a white bag that matched her under enclothe and her clothing. After the money was taken, she make a choice to place the envelope of money in her murky bag, kind of than her suitcase which would completely hide the money.Along with the change in bags, Marion also changes her underwear to black, and her outer clothes to dark colors as well. Marions death is very symbolic and dualistic in a multitude of ways. The fact that Marion is nonetheless murdered after her self-realization suggests that neither she nor the society that produced her is recuperable (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 362) Christopher Sharrett 362 Once Marion had made that fatal mistake to become a criminal, she was destined to die as a criminal, with no chance of salvation. This is very dualistic of the ending of the frontier, which was right around the time Psycho was produced. the movement of the film is steadily downward and inward, away from the feeling of daylight, abundance, and expanse to a nightmarish claustrophobia that exteriorizes the unconscious mind. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 362) Christopher Sharrett 362 The image of the West organism a gigantic open expanse was coming to an end and Hitchcock showed that the frontier was finished and there was no chance of it coming hold. Hitchcock places a large amount of dualism amid the characters of Marion, Sam, Norman Bates (Anthon y Perkins), and Lila Crane (Vera Miles). The first couple, Sam and Marion, engenders the second, Norman and Marion Norman has thus taken the place of Sam. Yet he has actually, diegetically speaking, taken the place of Marion, given(p) the mirror dialectic between the sexes and their psychic structurations. (Deutalbaum, Poague 357) Bellour 357 The couple of Marion and Sam never got a chance to be married, but as the film goes through the second half, it is Sam and Lila that are married as they go to the motel. Lila doubles as her lost sister as the heroine of the film, following nearly the similar actions as Marion.The tincture on Lilas face as she finds the mummy is identical to that of Marions in the shower Hitchcock uses mirrors sort of a bit in Psycho to really help express dualism in this film. depthless images in mirrors that are used systematically throughout Psycho to prefigure the shattering of its characters personal coherence. (Brill 227) up and down Brill states ho w Hitchcock uses mirrors to match up the different characters and to show that there is a lot more depth than what the viewer my first think.Through use of mirrors, Hitchcock brings a much deeper meaning to certain scenes with different characters than would otherwise be without mirrors. One of the most life-and-death uses of mirrors in Psycho is when Marion is at the car dealership. When she takes the damning step of spending some of the money, she is radically bisected by a down word looking shot and a mirror in the washroom where she takes the cash from her purse. (Brill 227) The image in this scene is extremely important to the dual nature of Marion.At this direct, she passes the point of no return and is visit in half by the mirror. The half image of Marion shows that she has split herself in two, good and evil, and the evil locating is the one that has taken over. The second half of Psycho, in which Marion is dead, shows the dualism between Marion and the other characters . When Detective Milton Arbogast (Martin Balsam) first interrogates Norman, his back is to the mirror in the parlor, almost identical to that of Marion when she first entered the motel. Sam appears more than once in the same mirrors while uestioning Norman. When Lila is searching the house for Ms. Bates she comes upon the double mirrors in her bedroom. This moment constitutes Hitchcocks most explicit hypnotism that his characters are experiencing-and we are watching- not something weirdly outside ordinary experience, but the expression of a emf for personal distortion and violence that is the other side, the mirror image, of human normality (Brill 227) This moment is key for Hitchcock because he shows the viewers that something like this could actually happen.There are people in the world that are not mentally stable and that do the type of things that Norman Bates does. Hitchcock also shows a large amount of dualism between the characters in Psycho and hushings. a complex analog y between bird and human that exists in Psycho and is announced in the opening sequence of the film. Over the birds-eye view of a city evoke the point of view of a bird who glides down, alights on the window ledge, and slips into the room. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 295) Richard Allen Another sense of duality is present in the last names of Marion Crane and Sam Loomis, both different types of birds and both can be seen as a pair of love-birds. The duality in with birds in Psycho becomes extremely apparent with Norman Bates. When Norman is talking to Marion, he tells her My hobby is stuffing things. You know, taxidermy. I guess Id just rather stuff birds because I hate the look of beasts when theyre stuffed. You know, foxes and chimps. Some people even stuff dogs and cats but, oh, I cant do that.I think only birds look well stuffed, well, because theyre kind of static to begin with. Normans claim that birds are passive to begin with, is a reference to the habits of birds and is implied to being a habit of women as well. His obsession with stuffing birds culminated in the creation of his prized stuffed bird, the mummy of his mother. This stuffed bird was created by the act of stuffing a bird in the sense that combines both a cozy act- the implied incest between Norman and his mother- and the act of killing.The monstrous figure of Normans mummy is condemned endlessly to extract this act. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 296) Richard Allen Marion is the first victim of this sexual and murderous bird that swoops down from the house and attacks her. The knife can be seen as a form of pecking that is used to kill her. After being pecked Marion Crane eventually ends up slumped over, very dualistic to that of a bird with a broken neck staring blankly upward. The stare of death that remains on Marions face is a mirror image of the birds that hang in the parlor of the motel, permanently stuck staring out from death.The angles of the shots when Marion and Arbogast are being murder ed are from a very high up view to symbolize even further to create a duality between Normans mother and a bird. Hitchcocks camera, initially indentified with the love-bird, now comes to occupy the gaze of the death-bird in a series of high-angled shots that accompany the murder of Marion swoops down to murder Arbogast on the landing of the gothic staircase. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 296) Richard Allen twain murders relate to a frenzied bird swooping down from high above and attacking its prey with its reprehensible beak.